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G5777 |
5777 时态-简单过去式（译注:或称过去不定时态,一般以"简过"称之） 梅晨:简过和不完成式都是指着过去的时间而言,但是不完成时态是指着过去的 一种进行式的动作,例:我过去正在做...;而简过则译为:我曾在做.... 虽然现在时态与现在进行时态没有分别,但简过的分别却很明显. 第一简单过去式和第二简单过去式,在时间上没有分别,不过是用两种 不同的形态,造成动词的同一时态. - -----------以下我想删掉---------------------- 简单过去式的特色是强调动作是punctiliar，也就是说，时态并不是强调这个动作 是过去，现在，或未未．在英文中没有相对应的时态，不过通常以简单过去式翻译． 在文法上，简过代表几种情形，其中较常见的有：指这个行动是由某一时间开始 ("inceptive aorist"),或者行动终于某一时间("cumulative aorist")，或者 只是出现在某一个特定的时间("punctiliar aorist")． 其他的情形，仍可见于希腊文文法中． 英语系统的读者不必拘泥于这些不同类的简过形式，因为通常无法适切的翻译成英文． 这些形式只是和希腊文的释经有关．通常，只要将希腊文的简过动词译成英文的过去式就可以了． |
5777 Tense-Aorist The aorist Tense is characterized by its emphasis on punctiliar action;that is,the concept of the verb is considered without regard for past,present,or future time.There is no direct or clear English equivalent for this Tense,though it is generally rendered as a simple past Tense in most translations. The events described by the aorist Tense are classified into a number of categories by grammarians.The most common of these include a view of the action as having begun from a certain point ("inceptive aorist"),or having ended at a certain point ("cumulative aorist"),or merely existing at a certain point ("punctiliar aorist").The categorization of other cases can be found in Greek reference grammars. The English reader need not concern himself with most of these finer points concerning the aorist Tense,since in most cases they cannot be rendered accurately in English translation, being fine points of Greek exegesis only.The common practice of rendering an aorist by a simple English past Tense should suffice in most cases. |